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108 hits found for Sarring

SASD2D2 – Beta-Heavy-Spectrin fragment containing segments 25 to 31

Beta-Heavy-Spectrin experimental SAS data
CORAL model
Sample: Beta-Heavy-Spectrin dimer, 173 kDa Drosophila melanogaster protein
Buffer: 10 mM NaH2PO4, 130 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Rigaku BioSAXS-2000, Pennsylvania State University on 2024 May 23
A β(H)-spectrin self-interaction domain forms antiparallel dimers that may facilitate non-canonical spectrin membrane skeleton assembly. J Biol Chem :113388 (2026)
Sarring C, Stoute JV, Armache JP, Yennawar NH, Thomas CM
RgGuinier 7.8 nm
Dmax 35.8 nm
VolumePorod 453 nm3

SASDVX2 – Full-length SARS-CoV-2 5'ge element stem-loop 5 (5_SL5)

full stem-loop 5 of SARS-CoV-2 5'genomic end experimental SAS data
PYMOL model
Sample: full stem-loop 5 of SARS-CoV-2 5'genomic end monomer, 48 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 50 mM KCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 Aug 7
Dissecting the Conformational Heterogeneity of Stem-Loop Substructures of the Fifth Element in the 5'-Untranslated Region of SARS-CoV-2. J Am Chem Soc 146(44):30139-30154 (2024)
Mertinkus KR, Oxenfarth A, Richter C, Wacker A, Mata CP, Carazo JM, Schlundt A, Schwalbe H
RgGuinier 4.3 nm
Dmax 13.8 nm

SASDPY2 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 7-8 (nsp7-8) polyprotein monomer

Replicase polyprotein 1ab experimental SAS data
DAMMIF model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab monomer, 31 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 500 mM NaCl, 5% glycerol, and 1 mM TCEP, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BioCAT 18ID, Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory on 2020 Oct 15
Biochemical and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein processing by Mpro. Sci Adv 8(49):eadd2191 (2022)
Yadav R, Courouble VV, Dey SK, Harrison JJEK, Timm J, Hopkins JB, Slack RL, Sarafianos SG, Ruiz FX, Griffin PR, Arnold E
RgGuinier 2.5 nm
Dmax 8.8 nm
VolumePorod 50 nm3

SASDVY2 – Sub-element stem-loop 5a within the SARS-CoV-2 5'ge element stem-loop 5 (5_SL5)

sub-element stem-loop 5a from SARS-CoV-2 5'genomic end experimental SAS data
PYMOL model
Sample: sub-element stem-loop 5a from SARS-CoV-2 5'genomic end monomer, 11 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 50 mM KCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 Aug 7
Dissecting the Conformational Heterogeneity of Stem-Loop Substructures of the Fifth Element in the 5'-Untranslated Region of SARS-CoV-2. J Am Chem Soc 146(44):30139-30154 (2024)
Mertinkus KR, Oxenfarth A, Richter C, Wacker A, Mata CP, Carazo JM, Schlundt A, Schwalbe H
RgGuinier 1.9 nm
Dmax 6.0 nm

SASDPZ2 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 7-8 (nsp7-8) polyprotein dimer

Replicase polyprotein 1ab experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab dimer, 63 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 500 mM NaCl, 5% glycerol, and 1 mM TCEP, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BioCAT 18ID, Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory on 2020 Oct 15
Biochemical and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein processing by Mpro. Sci Adv 8(49):eadd2191 (2022)
Yadav R, Courouble VV, Dey SK, Harrison JJEK, Timm J, Hopkins JB, Slack RL, Sarafianos SG, Ruiz FX, Griffin PR, Arnold E
RgGuinier 3.3 nm
Dmax 11.8 nm
VolumePorod 110 nm3

SASDP23 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 7-11 (nsp7-11) polyprotein monomer

Replicase polyprotein 1a experimental SAS data
DAMMIF model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a monomer, 60 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES, 10% glycerol, 500 mM NaCl, 5 mM DTT, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BioCAT 18ID, Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory on 2021 Nov 14
Biochemical and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein processing by Mpro. Sci Adv 8(49):eadd2191 (2022)
Yadav R, Courouble VV, Dey SK, Harrison JJEK, Timm J, Hopkins JB, Slack RL, Sarafianos SG, Ruiz FX, Griffin PR, Arnold E
RgGuinier 3.5 nm
Dmax 15.6 nm
VolumePorod 102 nm3

SASDP33 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 7-11 (nsp7-11) polyprotein dimer

Replicase polyprotein 1a experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a dimer, 119 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES, 10% glycerol, 500 mM NaCl, 5 mM DTT, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BioCAT 18ID, Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory on 2021 Nov 14
Biochemical and structural insights into SARS-CoV-2 polyprotein processing by Mpro. Sci Adv 8(49):eadd2191 (2022)
Yadav R, Courouble VV, Dey SK, Harrison JJEK, Timm J, Hopkins JB, Slack RL, Sarafianos SG, Ruiz FX, Griffin PR, Arnold E
RgGuinier 4.6 nm
Dmax 19.1 nm
VolumePorod 203 nm3

SASDR83 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 2 and 3 of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Nucleoprotein dimer, 30 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements
Karthikeyan Dhamotharan
RgGuinier 2.9 nm
Dmax 10.5 nm
VolumePorod 69 nm3

SASDR93 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 with AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

NucleoproteinStem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements
Karthikeyan Dhamotharan
RgGuinier 3.2 nm
Dmax 11.8 nm
VolumePorod 50 nm3

SASDRA3 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 7 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Nucleoprotein dimer, 30 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements
Karthikeyan Dhamotharan
RgGuinier 2.6 nm
Dmax 9.0 nm
VolumePorod 46 nm3

SASDRB3 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

NucleoproteinStem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements
Karthikeyan Dhamotharan
RgGuinier 2.7 nm
Dmax 10.0 nm
VolumePorod 46 nm3

SASDXB3 – Apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 (s2m Delta_short)

apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 8 kDa SARS-Coronavirus-2 Delta RNA
Buffer: 50 mM Bis-Tris, 25 mM NaCl, pH: 6.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 30
Structural heterogeneity and dynamics in the apical stem loop of s2m from SARS-CoV-2 Delta by an integrative NMR spectroscopy and MD simulation approach. Nucleic Acids Res 53(12) (2025)
Wirtz Martin MA, Makowski JA, Matzel T, Kensinger AH, Herr A, Richter C, Jonker HRA, Wacker A, Evanseck JD, Schwalbe H
RgGuinier 1.4 nm

SASDVC3 – Sub-element stem-loop 5b within the SARS-CoV-2 5'ge element stem-loop 5 (5_SL5)

sub-element stem-loop 5b from SARS-CoV-2 5'genomic end experimental SAS data
PYMOL model
Sample: sub-element stem-loop 5b from SARS-CoV-2 5'genomic end monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 50 mM KCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2021 Feb 3
Dissecting the Conformational Heterogeneity of Stem-Loop Substructures of the Fifth Element in the 5'-Untranslated Region of SARS-CoV-2. J Am Chem Soc 146(44):30139-30154 (2024)
Mertinkus KR, Oxenfarth A, Richter C, Wacker A, Mata CP, Carazo JM, Schlundt A, Schwalbe H
RgGuinier 1.4 nm
Dmax 4.3 nm

SASDPJ3 – IMP-1 saRNA encoding NSP1-4 of VEEV and the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2

IMP-1 saRNA experimental SAS data
IMP-1 saRNA Kratky plot
Sample: IMP-1 saRNA monomer, 3720 kDa RNA
Buffer: 5 mM Sodium Citrate, pH: 6.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2021 Apr 27
Biophysical characterisation of the structure of a SARS-CoV-2 self-amplifying—RNA (saRNA) vaccine Biology Methods and Protocols (2023)
Myatt D, Wharram L, Graham C, Liddell J, Branton H, Pizzey C, Cowieson N, Rambo R, Shattock R
RgGuinier 23.8 nm
Dmax 85.9 nm
VolumePorod 6265 nm3

SASDVZ3 – SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot at 4 mg/mL

SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot experimental SAS data
SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot Kratky plot
Sample: SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 50 mM KCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
Optimization of Structure‐Guided Development of Chemical Probes for the Pseudoknot RNA of the Frameshift Element in SARS‐CoV‐2 Angewandte Chemie International Edition (2025)
Ceylan B, Adam J, Toews S, Kaiser F, Dörr J, Scheppa D, Tants J, Smart A, Schoth J, Philipp S, Stirnal E, Ferner J, Richter C, Sreeramulu S, Caliskan N, Schlundt A, Weigand J, Göbel M, Wacker A, Schwa...
RgGuinier 2.3 nm
Dmax 7.9 nm
VolumePorod 29 nm3

SASDV24 – SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot at 2 mg/mL

SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot experimental SAS data
SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot Kratky plot
Sample: SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 50 mM KCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
Optimization of Structure‐Guided Development of Chemical Probes for the Pseudoknot RNA of the Frameshift Element in SARS‐CoV‐2 Angewandte Chemie International Edition (2025)
Ceylan B, Adam J, Toews S, Kaiser F, Dörr J, Scheppa D, Tants J, Smart A, Schoth J, Philipp S, Stirnal E, Ferner J, Richter C, Sreeramulu S, Caliskan N, Schlundt A, Weigand J, Göbel M, Wacker A, Schwa...
RgGuinier 2.5 nm
Dmax 8.9 nm
VolumePorod 32 nm3

SASDV34 – SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot at 1 mg/mL

SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot experimental SAS data
SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot Kratky plot
Sample: SARS-CoV2 RNA pseudoknot monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 50 mM KCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
Optimization of Structure‐Guided Development of Chemical Probes for the Pseudoknot RNA of the Frameshift Element in SARS‐CoV‐2 Angewandte Chemie International Edition (2025)
Ceylan B, Adam J, Toews S, Kaiser F, Dörr J, Scheppa D, Tants J, Smart A, Schoth J, Philipp S, Stirnal E, Ferner J, Richter C, Sreeramulu S, Caliskan N, Schlundt A, Weigand J, Göbel M, Wacker A, Schwa...
RgGuinier 2.5 nm
Dmax 9.5 nm
VolumePorod 32 nm3

SASDJF4 – Synthetic nanobody Sybody 23 (Sy23)

Synthetic nanobody Sybody 23 experimental SAS data
CORAL model
Sample: Synthetic nanobody Sybody 23 monomer, 16 kDa synthetic construct protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris 100 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 May 5
Selection, biophysical and structural analysis of synthetic nanobodies that effectively neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Nature Communications 11(1) (2020)
Custódio T, Das H, Sheward D, Hanke L, Pazicky S, Pieprzyk J, Sorgenfrei M, Schroer M, Gruzinov A, Jeffries C, Graewert M, Svergun D, Dobrev N, Remans K, Seeger M, McInerney G, Murrell B, Hällberg B, ...
RgGuinier 2.1 nm
Dmax 8.0 nm
VolumePorod 22 nm3

SASDJG4 – SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ACE2 receptor binding domain (RBD)

Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) experimental SAS data
SASREF model
Sample: Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) monomer, 29 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM Tris 100 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 May 1
Selection, biophysical and structural analysis of synthetic nanobodies that effectively neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Nature Communications 11(1) (2020)
Custódio T, Das H, Sheward D, Hanke L, Pazicky S, Pieprzyk J, Sorgenfrei M, Schroer M, Gruzinov A, Jeffries C, Graewert M, Svergun D, Dobrev N, Remans K, Seeger M, McInerney G, Murrell B, Hällberg B, ...
RgGuinier 3.0 nm
Dmax 13.1 nm
VolumePorod 64 nm3

SASDJH4 – SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ACE2 receptor binding domain (RBD) bound to the synthetic nanobody Sybody 23 (Sy23)

Synthetic nanobody Sybody 23Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) experimental SAS data
CORAL model
Sample: Synthetic nanobody Sybody 23 monomer, 16 kDa synthetic construct protein
Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) monomer, 29 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM Tris 100 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 May 10
Selection, biophysical and structural analysis of synthetic nanobodies that effectively neutralize SARS-CoV-2 Nature Communications 11(1) (2020)
Custódio T, Das H, Sheward D, Hanke L, Pazicky S, Pieprzyk J, Sorgenfrei M, Schroer M, Gruzinov A, Jeffries C, Graewert M, Svergun D, Dobrev N, Remans K, Seeger M, McInerney G, Murrell B, Hällberg B, ...
RgGuinier 3.5 nm
Dmax 15.1 nm
VolumePorod 87 nm3

SASDKJ4 – SARS-CoV-2 nsp7 and nsp8

Replicase polyprotein 1a - nsp7Replicase polyprotein 1a - nsp8 experimental SAS data
PDB (PROTEIN DATA BANK) model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a - nsp7 , 18 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Replicase polyprotein 1a - nsp8 , 44 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, pH 8.0, 100 mM NaCl, 4 mM DTT, 4 mM MgCl2, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 Jun 19
Hallmarks of Alpha- and Betacoronavirus non-structural protein 7+8 complexes Science Advances 7(10):eabf1004 (2021)
Krichel B, Bylapudi G, Schmidt C, Blanchet C, Schubert R, Brings L, Koehler M, Zenobi R, Svergun D, Lorenzen K, Madhugiri R, Ziebuhr J, Uetrecht C
RgGuinier 3.4 nm
Dmax 13.5 nm
VolumePorod 92 nm3

SASDJG5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease

3C-like proteinase from SARS-CoV-2 replicase polyprotein 1a experimental SAS data
PDB (PROTEIN DATA BANK) model
Sample: 3C-like proteinase from SARS-CoV-2 replicase polyprotein 1a dimer, 68 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Rigaku BioSAXS-2000, University of British Columbia on 2020 Jun 1
Crystallographic structure of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 main protease acyl-enzyme intermediate with physiological C-terminal autoprocessing site. Nat Commun 11(1):5877 (2020)
Lee J, Worrall LJ, Vuckovic M, Rosell FI, Gentile F, Ton AT, Caveney NA, Ban F, Cherkasov A, Paetzel M, Strynadka NCJ
RgGuinier 2.7 nm
Dmax 8.8 nm
VolumePorod 93 nm3

SASDJH5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease, P9T mutant

3C-like proteinase from SARS-CoV-2 replicase polyprotein 1a, PT9 mutant experimental SAS data
SREFLEX model
Sample: 3C-like proteinase from SARS-CoV-2 replicase polyprotein 1a, PT9 mutant monomer, 34 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 1 mM DTT, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Rigaku BioSAXS-2000, University of British Columbia on 2020 Jun 1
Crystallographic structure of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 main protease acyl-enzyme intermediate with physiological C-terminal autoprocessing site. Nat Commun 11(1):5877 (2020)
Lee J, Worrall LJ, Vuckovic M, Rosell FI, Gentile F, Ton AT, Caveney NA, Ban F, Cherkasov A, Paetzel M, Strynadka NCJ
RgGuinier 2.4 nm
Dmax 7.2 nm
VolumePorod 54 nm3

SASDSP5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease H163A Mutant - 0.25 mg/mL

Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) dimer, 67 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 1 mM TCEP, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at ID7A1 BioSAXS / HP-Bio Beamline, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) on 2023 Mar 24
The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Nat Commun 14(1):5625 (2023)
Tran N, Dasari S, Barwell SAE, McLeod MJ, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Holyoak T, Ganesan A
RgGuinier 2.4 nm
Dmax 7.8 nm
VolumePorod 63 nm3

SASDSQ5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease H163A Mutant - 0.5 mg/mL

Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) dimer, 67 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 1 mM TCEP, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at ID7A1 BioSAXS / HP-Bio Beamline, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) on 2023 Mar 24
The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Nat Commun 14(1):5625 (2023)
Tran N, Dasari S, Barwell SAE, McLeod MJ, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Holyoak T, Ganesan A
RgGuinier 2.5 nm
Dmax 8.2 nm
VolumePorod 74 nm3

SASDSR5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease H163A Mutant - 1.0 mg/mL

Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) dimer, 67 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 1 mM TCEP, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at ID7A1 BioSAXS / HP-Bio Beamline, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) on 2023 Mar 24
The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Nat Commun 14(1):5625 (2023)
Tran N, Dasari S, Barwell SAE, McLeod MJ, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Holyoak T, Ganesan A
RgGuinier 2.6 nm
Dmax 8.2 nm
VolumePorod 85 nm3

SASDSS5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease H163A Mutant - 3.0 mg/mL

Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) experimental SAS data
PDB (PROTEIN DATA BANK) model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) dimer, 67 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 1 mM TCEP, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at ID7A1 BioSAXS / HP-Bio Beamline, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) on 2023 Mar 24
The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Nat Commun 14(1):5625 (2023)
Tran N, Dasari S, Barwell SAE, McLeod MJ, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Holyoak T, Ganesan A
RgGuinier 2.6 nm
Dmax 8.5 nm
VolumePorod 102 nm3

SASDST5 – SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease H163A Mutant - 6.3 mg/mL

Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab, H3426A (3C-like proteinase nsp5 - H163A mutant) dimer, 67 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 1 mM TCEP, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at ID7A1 BioSAXS / HP-Bio Beamline, Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source (CHESS) on 2023 Mar 24
The H163A mutation unravels an oxidized conformation of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Nat Commun 14(1):5625 (2023)
Tran N, Dasari S, Barwell SAE, McLeod MJ, Kalyaanamoorthy S, Holyoak T, Ganesan A
RgGuinier 2.6 nm
Dmax 7.7 nm
VolumePorod 98 nm3

SASDXW5 – Replicase polyprotein 1ab-ORF1ab polyprotein (RdRp) protein complex from SARS CoV-2

Replicase polyprotein 1abReplicase polyprotein 1abORF1ab polyprotein experimental SAS data
DAMMIF model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab monomer, 9 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Replicase polyprotein 1ab dimer, 44 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
ORF1ab polyprotein monomer, 106 kDa Human coronavirus OC43 protein
Buffer: 50 mM HEPES, 200 mM NaCl, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2025 Mar 24
RdRp
RgGuinier 5.2 nm
Dmax 10.1 nm
VolumePorod 213 nm3

SASDXX5 – SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 0.5 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.8 nm
Dmax 17.1 nm

SASDXY5 – SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 1 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.6 nm
Dmax 18.8 nm

SASDXZ5 – SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 1.5 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.7 nm
Dmax 18.8 nm

SASDX26 – SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 3 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Nov 28
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 6.3 nm
Dmax 23.7 nm

SASDX36 – SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 4 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Nov 28
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 6.6 nm
Dmax 22.5 nm

SASDX46 – Phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 0.5 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.6 nm
Dmax 15.0 nm

SASDP56 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 8 (nsp8, dimer) in 250 mM NaCl buffer

Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) dimer, 44 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 250 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at BL01-Small Angle Neutron Scattering, China Spallation Neutron Source on 2021 Jul 19
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 5(1):925 (2022)
Xu J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Ma C, Jiang H, Zuo T, Chen R, Ke Y, Cheng H, Wang H, Liu J
RgGuinier 4.1 nm

SASDX56 – Phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 1 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.4 nm
Dmax 166.0 nm

SASDP66 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 8 (nsp8, dimer) in 500 mM NaCl buffer

Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) dimer, 44 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 500 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at BL01-Small Angle Neutron Scattering, China Spallation Neutron Source on 2021 Jul 19
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 5(1):925 (2022)
Xu J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Ma C, Jiang H, Zuo T, Chen R, Ke Y, Cheng H, Wang H, Liu J
RgGuinier 3.8 nm
Dmax 14.0 nm
VolumePorod 98 nm3

SASDX66 – Phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 1.5 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.6 nm
Dmax 19.3 nm

SASDP76 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 8 (nsp8, dimer) in 1000 mM NaCl buffer

Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) dimer, 44 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 1000 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at BL01-Small Angle Neutron Scattering, China Spallation Neutron Source on 2021 Jul 19
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 5(1):925 (2022)
Xu J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Ma C, Jiang H, Zuo T, Chen R, Ke Y, Cheng H, Wang H, Liu J
RgGuinier 3.8 nm
Dmax 14.0 nm
VolumePorod 100 nm3

SASDX76 – Phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 2 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Jul 18
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.5 nm
Dmax 17.8 nm

SASDP86 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 8 (nsp8, tetramer) in 250 mM NaCl buffer

Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) tetramer, 88 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 250 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at BL01-Small Angle Neutron Scattering, China Spallation Neutron Source on 2021 Jul 19
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 5(1):925 (2022)
Xu J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Ma C, Jiang H, Zuo T, Chen R, Ke Y, Cheng H, Wang H, Liu J
RgGuinier 6.3 nm
Dmax 24.0 nm

SASDX86 – Phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 3 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Nov 28
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.9 nm
Dmax 19.8 nm

SASDP96 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 8 (nsp8, tetramer) in 500 mM NaCl buffer

Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) tetramer, 88 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 500 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at BL01-Small Angle Neutron Scattering, China Spallation Neutron Source on 2021 Jul 19
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 5(1):925 (2022)
Xu J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Ma C, Jiang H, Zuo T, Chen R, Ke Y, Cheng H, Wang H, Liu J
RgGuinier 5.2 nm
Dmax 18.0 nm

SASDX96 – Phosphorylated SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid protein 4 mg/mL

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 95 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2023 Nov 28
Phosphorylation toggles the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein between two membrane-associated condensate states. Nat Commun 16(1):7970 (2025)
Favetta B, Wang H, Cubuk J, Singh A, Barai M, Ramirez C, Zheng H, Gormley AJ, Murthy NS, Dignon G, Soranno A, Shi Z, Schuster BS
RgGuinier 5.9 nm
Dmax 23.5 nm

SASDPA6 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 8 (nsp8, tetramer) in 1000 mM NaCl buffer

Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (Non-structural protein 8, SARS-CoV-2) tetramer, 88 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4, 1000 mM NaCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at BL01-Small Angle Neutron Scattering, China Spallation Neutron Source on 2021 Jul 19
Multiscale characterization reveals oligomerization dependent phase separation of primer-independent RNA polymerase nsp8 from SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 5(1):925 (2022)
Xu J, Jiang X, Zhang Y, Dong Y, Ma C, Jiang H, Zuo T, Chen R, Ke Y, Cheng H, Wang H, Liu J
RgGuinier 4.8 nm
Dmax 16.0 nm

SASDXA6 – Non Structural Protein 9 (ORF1ab polyprotein) from SARS CoV-2

ORF1ab polyprotein experimental SAS data
ORF1ab polyprotein Kratky plot
Sample: ORF1ab polyprotein dimer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50mM Tris 300mM Nacl, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2025 Jan 20
Non Structural Protein Sars CoV-2
Hira Singh Gariya
RgGuinier 3.7 nm
Dmax 6.9 nm
VolumePorod 66 nm3

SASDXB6 – Non Structural Protein 15 (Replicase polyprotein 1ab) from SARS Cov-2

Non structural Protein 15 experimental SAS data
Non structural Protein 15 Kratky plot
Sample: Non structural Protein 15 hexamer, 228 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20mM HEPES, 150mM Nacl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2024 Jun 13
Non Structural Protein Sars CoV-2
Hira Singh Gariya
RgGuinier 4.5 nm
Dmax 13.7 nm
VolumePorod 392 nm3

SASDKT6 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 14 (nsp14)

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 14) experimental SAS data
PYMOL model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 14) monomer, 60 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM β-mercaptoethanol, pH: 8.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2020 Dec 11
Despite the odds: formation of the SARS-CoV-2 methylation complex Nucleic Acids Research (2024)
Matsuda A, Plewka J, Rawski M, Mourão A, Zajko W, Siebenmorgen T, Kresik L, Lis K, Jones A, Pachota M, Karim A, Hartman K, Nirwal S, Sonani R, Chykunova Y, Minia I, Mak P, Landthaler M, Nowotny M, Dub...
RgGuinier 2.7 nm
Dmax 9.6 nm
VolumePorod 80 nm3

SASDRT6 – Wild type frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2 virus

Frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2, wild type experimental SAS data
Frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2, wild type Kratky plot
Sample: Frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2, wild type monomer, 23 kDa RNA
Buffer: 50 mM MOPS, 130 mM KCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2020 May 15
Atomistic structure of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudoknot in solution from SAXS-driven molecular dynamics. Nucleic Acids Res (2023)
He W, San Emeterio J, Woodside MT, Kirmizialtin S, Pollack L
RgGuinier 2.7 nm
Dmax 10.5 nm
VolumePorod 40 nm3

SASDKU6 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 10/non-structural protein 14 complex (nsp10/nsp14 )

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 14)Replicase polyprotein 1a (non-structural protein 10) experimental SAS data
GASBOR model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 14) monomer, 60 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Replicase polyprotein 1a (non-structural protein 10) monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM β-mercaptoethanol, pH: 8.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2020 Dec 11
Despite the odds: formation of the SARS-CoV-2 methylation complex Nucleic Acids Research (2024)
Matsuda A, Plewka J, Rawski M, Mourão A, Zajko W, Siebenmorgen T, Kresik L, Lis K, Jones A, Pachota M, Karim A, Hartman K, Nirwal S, Sonani R, Chykunova Y, Minia I, Mak P, Landthaler M, Nowotny M, Dub...
RgGuinier 2.9 nm
Dmax 12.2 nm
VolumePorod 73 nm3

SASDRU6 – Non frameshifting variant of SARS CoV2 frameshifting pseudoknot

Variant: non frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2 genome experimental SAS data
Variant: non frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2 genome Kratky plot
Sample: Variant: non frameshifting pseudoknot from SARS CoV2 genome monomer, 23 kDa RNA
Buffer: 50 mM MOPS, 130 mM KCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 16-ID (LiX), National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) on 2020 Jun 12
Atomistic structure of the SARS-CoV-2 pseudoknot in solution from SAXS-driven molecular dynamics. Nucleic Acids Res (2023)
He W, San Emeterio J, Woodside MT, Kirmizialtin S, Pollack L
RgGuinier 2.8 nm
Dmax 13.5 nm
VolumePorod 38 nm3

SASDKV6 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 10/non-structural protein 16 complex (nsp10/nsp16)

Replicase polyprotein 1a (non-structural protein 10)Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 16) experimental SAS data
GASBOR model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1a (non-structural protein 10) monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 16) monomer, 33 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM β-mercaptoethanol, pH: 8.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2020 Dec 11
Despite the odds: formation of the SARS-CoV-2 methylation complex Nucleic Acids Research (2024)
Matsuda A, Plewka J, Rawski M, Mourão A, Zajko W, Siebenmorgen T, Kresik L, Lis K, Jones A, Pachota M, Karim A, Hartman K, Nirwal S, Sonani R, Chykunova Y, Minia I, Mak P, Landthaler M, Nowotny M, Dub...
RgGuinier 2.0 nm
Dmax 8.0 nm
VolumePorod 28 nm3

SASDKW6 – SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 10/non-structural protein 14/non-structural protein 16 triplex (nsp10/nsp14/nsp16)

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 14)Replicase polyprotein 1a (non-structural protein 10)Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 16) experimental SAS data
GASBOR model
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 14) monomer, 60 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Replicase polyprotein 1a (non-structural protein 10) monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Replicase polyprotein 1ab (non-structural protein 16) monomer, 33 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 2 mM β-mercaptoethanol, pH: 8.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2020 Dec 11
Despite the odds: formation of the SARS-CoV-2 methylation complex Nucleic Acids Research (2024)
Matsuda A, Plewka J, Rawski M, Mourão A, Zajko W, Siebenmorgen T, Kresik L, Lis K, Jones A, Pachota M, Karim A, Hartman K, Nirwal S, Sonani R, Chykunova Y, Minia I, Mak P, Landthaler M, Nowotny M, Dub...
RgGuinier 4.7 nm
Dmax 11.4 nm
VolumePorod 113 nm3

SASDXY6 – M protease of SARS CoV-2 with JL-352 compound

3 Chymotrypsin Like Protease experimental SAS data
3 Chymotrypsin Like Protease Kratky plot
Sample: 3 Chymotrypsin Like Protease dimer, 68 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 50mM Tris, 200mM NaCl, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2021 Mar 26
M protease SARS CoV-2 with JL-352
Raja Tripathi
RgGuinier 4.7 nm
Dmax 12.3 nm
VolumePorod 271 nm3

SASDXZ6 – Receptor Binding Domain of SARS CoV-2

Receptor Binding Domain of SARS CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Receptor Binding Domain of SARS CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Receptor Binding Domain of SARS CoV-2 monomer, 25 kDa protein
Buffer: 50mM Tris, 200mM NaCl, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2021 Jul 29
Receptor Binding Domain of SARS CoV-2
Raja Tripathi
RgGuinier 2.9 nm
Dmax 6.1 nm
VolumePorod 52 nm3

SASDX67 – Non Structural Protein 15 in complex with RNA 9mer

Non structural Protein 15 experimental SAS data
Non structural Protein 15 Kratky plot
Sample: Non structural Protein 15 monomer, 251 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20mM HEPES, 150mM Nacl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2024 Jun 14
Non Structural Protein 15 in Complex with RNA 9mer Oligo of SARS CoV 2
Hira Singh Gariya
RgGuinier 4.7 nm
Dmax 13.8 nm
VolumePorod 356 nm3

SASDSP7 – 5’-terminal stem-loop 1 RNA element of SARS-CoV-2 (5_SL1)

5_SL1 experimental SAS data
DAMMIN model
Sample: 5_SL1 monomer, 9 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 50 mM BisTris, 25 mM NaCl, pH: 6.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Dec 1
The 5'-terminal stem-loop RNA element of SARS-CoV-2 features highly dynamic structural elements that are sensitive to differences in cellular pH. Nucleic Acids Res (2024)
Toews S, Wacker A, Faison EM, Duchardt-Ferner E, Richter C, Mathieu D, Bottaro S, Zhang Q, Schwalbe H
RgGuinier 1.7 nm
Dmax 5.5 nm
VolumePorod 16 nm3

SASDMU7 – Apt31 - ssDNA aptamer specific to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2

ssDNA aptamer Apt31 specific to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
GROMACS model
Sample: ssDNA aptamer Apt31 specific to the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 10 kDa Artificially synthesized DNA
Buffer: Tris-HCl, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at 13A, Taiwan Photon Source, NSRRC on 2020 Dec 18
Structure and Interaction Based Design of Anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 Aptamers Chemistry – A European Journal (2022)
Mironov V, Shchugoreva I, Artyushenko P, Morozov D, Borbone N, Oliviero G, Zamay T, Moryachkov R, Kolovskaya O, Lukyanenko K, Song Y, Merkuleva I, Zabluda V, Peters G, Koroleva L, Veprintsev D, Glazyr...
RgGuinier 1.9 nm
Dmax 6.5 nm
VolumePorod 12 nm3

SASDRU7 – Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/immunoglobulin-Fc chimera protein (Ace2-Fc) at 3.81 mg/ml

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 chimera with the Fc region of the immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 4 experimental SAS data
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 chimera with the Fc region of the immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 4 Kratky plot
Sample: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 chimera with the Fc region of the immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 4 dimer, 217 kDa Homo sapiens protein
Buffer: 50 mM Tris, 150 mM NaCl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Rigaku BioSAXS-1000, SFB 1035, Technische Universität München on 2021 Jul 5
Extrinsic stabilization of antiviral ACE2-Fc fusion proteins targeting SARS-CoV-2. Commun Biol 6(1):386 (2023)
Svilenov HL, Delhommel F, Siebenmorgen T, Rührnößl F, Popowicz GM, Reiter A, Sattler M, Brockmeyer C, Buchner J
RgGuinier 5.5 nm
Dmax 18.6 nm
VolumePorod 408 nm3

SASDRV7 – SARS-CoV-2 5' untranslated region stem-loop 4 RNA (5_SL4) in phosphate buffer

stem-loop 4 from SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR experimental SAS data
stem-loop 4 from SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR Kratky plot
Sample: stem-loop 4 from SARS-CoV-2 5'-UTR monomer, 14 kDa SARS coronavirus 2-Wuhan RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate pH 6.5, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2020 Aug 7
High-resolution structure of stem-loop 4 from the 5'-UTR of SARS-CoV-2 solved by solution state NMR. Nucleic Acids Res (2023)
Vögele J, Hymon D, Martins J, Ferner J, Jonker HRA, Hargrove AE, Weigand JE, Wacker A, Schwalbe H, Wöhnert J, Duchardt-Ferner E
RgGuinier 2.1 nm
Dmax 7.0 nm
VolumePorod 22 nm3

SASDX29 – Non Structural Protein 15 and ADPRP Macrodomain D

Non structural Protein 15 in Complex with ADPRP Macrodomain experimental SAS data
Non structural Protein 15 in Complex with ADPRP Macrodomain Kratky plot
Sample: Non structural Protein 15 in Complex with ADPRP Macrodomain monomer, 254 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 20mM HEPES, 150mM Nacl, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at Anton Paar SAXSpace, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute on 2025 Mar 20
Non Structural Protein 15 in Complex with ADPRP Macrodomain of SARS CoV 2
Hira Singh Gariya
RgGuinier 6.1 nm

SASDQ39 – SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ACE2 receptor binding domain (RBD) - reservoir sample storage with liquid jet delivery measured using XFEL

Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) experimental SAS data
Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) Kratky plot
Sample: Spike glycoprotein (ACE2 receptor binding domain) monomer, 29 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: phosphate buffered saline, pH: 7.4
Experiment: SANS data collected at SPB/SFX, European XFEL on 2021 May 14
Form factor determination of biological molecules with X-ray free electron laser small-angle scattering (XFEL-SAS). Commun Biol 6(1):1057 (2023)
Blanchet CE, Round A, Mertens HDT, Ayyer K, Graewert M, Awel S, Franke D, Dörner K, Bajt S, Bean R, Custódio TF, de Wijn R, Juncheng E, Henkel A, Gruzinov A, Jeffries CM, Kim Y, Kirkwood H, Kloos M, K...
RgGuinier 3.0 nm

SASDS69 – Full length SARS-CoV-2 Non-structural protein 10 (Nsp10)

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10) monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 10 mM HEPES, 300 mM NaCl, 1.5% (v/v) glycerol, 2 mM DTT, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 Nov 25
Oligomeric State of β-Coronavirus Non-Structural Protein 10 Stimulators Studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24(17):13649 (2023)
Knecht W, Fisher S, Lou J, Sele C, Ma S, Rasmussen A, Pinotsis N, Kozielski F
RgGuinier 1.7 nm
Dmax 5.9 nm
VolumePorod 21 nm3

SASDS79 – Long SARS-CoV-2 Non-structural protein 10 (Nsp10: C-terminal truncation variant)

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10 - Δ4386-4392) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10 - Δ4386-4392) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10 - Δ4386-4392) monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 10 mM HEPES, 300 mM NaCl, 1.5% (v/v) glycerol, 2 mM DTT, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 Nov 25
Oligomeric State of β-Coronavirus Non-Structural Protein 10 Stimulators Studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24(17):13649 (2023)
Knecht W, Fisher S, Lou J, Sele C, Ma S, Rasmussen A, Pinotsis N, Kozielski F
RgGuinier 1.6 nm
Dmax 5.4 nm
VolumePorod 19 nm3

SASDS89 – Short SARS-CoV-2 Non-structural protein 10 (Nsp10: N- and C-terminal truncation variant)

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10 - Δ4254-4262; Δ4386-4392) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10 - Δ4254-4262; Δ4386-4392) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10 - Δ4254-4262; Δ4386-4392) monomer, 13 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 10 mM HEPES, 300 mM NaCl, 1.5% (v/v) glycerol, 2 mM DTT, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 Nov 25
Oligomeric State of β-Coronavirus Non-Structural Protein 10 Stimulators Studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24(17):13649 (2023)
Knecht W, Fisher S, Lou J, Sele C, Ma S, Rasmussen A, Pinotsis N, Kozielski F
RgGuinier 1.5 nm
Dmax 5.1 nm
VolumePorod 16 nm3

SASDS99 – Full length SARS Non-structural protein 10 (Nsp10)

Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10) experimental SAS data
Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10) Kratky plot
Sample: Replicase polyprotein 1ab (Non-structural protein 10) monomer, 16 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 10 mM HEPES, 300 mM NaCl, 1.5% (v/v) glycerol, 2 mM DTT, pH: 7.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2023 Feb 6
Oligomeric State of β-Coronavirus Non-Structural Protein 10 Stimulators Studied by Small Angle X-ray Scattering International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24(17):13649 (2023)
Knecht W, Fisher S, Lou J, Sele C, Ma S, Rasmussen A, Pinotsis N, Kozielski F
RgGuinier 1.7 nm
Dmax 5.9 nm
VolumePorod 19 nm3

SASDUD9 – Apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2

apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: apical stem loop of stem loop 2 motif (s2m) in Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 8 kDa SARS-Coronavirus-2 Delta RNA
Buffer: 50 mM Bis-Tris, 25 mM NaCl, pH: 6.4
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 30
Structural heterogeneity and dynamics in the apical stem loop of s2m from SARS-CoV-2 Delta by an integrative NMR spectroscopy and MD simulation approach. Nucleic Acids Res 53(12) (2025)
Wirtz Martin MA, Makowski JA, Matzel T, Kensinger AH, Herr A, Richter C, Jonker HRA, Wacker A, Evanseck JD, Schwalbe H
RgGuinier 1.5 nm

SASDTE5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (N1-365, amino acids 1-365): 26 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 82 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 5.7 nm
Dmax 23.0 nm
VolumePorod 160 nm3

SASDPK6 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
PDB (PROTEIN DATA BANK) model
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Aug 16
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 1.6 nm
Dmax 6.1 nm
VolumePorod 23 nm3

SASDTF5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (N1-365, amino acids 1-365): 49 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein tetramer, 163 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 5.8 nm
Dmax 24.0 nm
VolumePorod 181 nm3

SASDPL6 – 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 2 and 3 of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
RNAMASONRY model
Sample: Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.2 nm
Dmax 8.0 nm
VolumePorod 24 nm3

SASDTG5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (N1-365, amino acids 1-365): 103 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein tetramer, 163 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 6.2 nm
Dmax 25.0 nm
VolumePorod 215 nm3

SASDPM6 – 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
RNAMASONRY model
Sample: Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.0 nm
Dmax 7.1 nm
VolumePorod 22 nm3

SASDTH5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (N1-365, amino acids 1-365): 206 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein tetramer, 163 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 6.8 nm
Dmax 28.0 nm
VolumePorod 578 nm3

SASDPN6 – 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 with AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
RNAMASONRY model
Sample: Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.8 nm
Dmax 10.2 nm
VolumePorod 33 nm3

SASDTJ5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (N1-365, amino acids 1-365): 299 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein hexamer, 245 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 7.1 nm
Dmax 29.0 nm
VolumePorod 708 nm3

SASDPP6 – 5'-genomic RNA AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
RNAMASONRY model
Sample: AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 7 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 1.5 nm
Dmax 5.4 nm
VolumePorod 13 nm3

SASDTX5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein Full Length (N1-419, amino acids 1-419): 19 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein tetramer, 187 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 6.3 nm
Dmax 26.0 nm
VolumePorod 233 nm3

SASDPQ6 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 2 and 3 of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

NucleoproteinStem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Aug 16
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.4 nm
Dmax 9.0 nm
VolumePorod 38 nm3

SASDTY5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein Full Length (N1-419, amino acids 1-419): 50 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein tetramer, 187 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 6.9 nm
Dmax 28.5 nm
VolumePorod 571 nm3

SASDPR6 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 with AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

NucleoproteinStem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Aug 16
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 3.4 nm
Dmax 13.5 nm
VolumePorod 51 nm3

SASDTZ5 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein Full Length (N1-419, amino acids 1-419): 103 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein hexamer, 281 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 7.6 nm
Dmax 32.0 nm
VolumePorod 764 nm3

SASDPS6 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) complexed with 5'-genomic RNA AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions

NucleoproteinAU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 7 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Aug 16
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.1 nm
Dmax 8.5 nm
VolumePorod 32 nm3

SASDT26 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein Full Length (N1-419, amino acids 1-419): 216 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein octamer, 375 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 8.2 nm
Dmax 33.0 nm
VolumePorod 1028 nm3

SASDPT6 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) with 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 of SARS-CoV-2 in phosphate conditions (mixture)

NucleoproteinStem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM potassium phosphate, 150 mM KCl, 2 mM TCEP, pH: 6.5
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2021 Nov 22
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.1 nm
Dmax 7.8 nm
VolumePorod 25 nm3

SASDSZ9 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, residues 176-245): 238 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 3.2 nm
Dmax 14.0 nm
VolumePorod 19 nm3

SASDR33 – N-terminal RNA-binding domain (NTD) of nucleocapsid protein (N) of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
PDB (PROTEIN DATA BANK) model
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 15 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 1.6 nm
Dmax 5.2 nm
VolumePorod 26 nm3

SASDT22 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, residues 176-245): 476 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 3.7 nm
Dmax 16.0 nm
VolumePorod 33 nm3

SASDR43 – 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 2 and 3 of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Stem loop 2 and 3 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.3 nm
Dmax 9.5 nm
VolumePorod 28 nm3

SASDT32 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, residues 176-245): 952 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 17 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 4.1 nm
Dmax 18.0 nm
VolumePorod 53 nm3

SASDR53 – 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Stem loop 4 in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 14 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 2.1 nm
Dmax 7.7 nm
VolumePorod 22 nm3

SASDR63 – 5'-genomic RNA Stem loop 4 with AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: Stem loop 4 with AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 22 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 3.1 nm
Dmax 11.7 nm
VolumePorod 35 nm3

SASDVS6 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, amino acids 176-245): 1666.7 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein dimer, 17 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 4.5 nm
Dmax 19.0 nm
VolumePorod 117 nm3

SASDT42 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, residues 176-245) L223P, L227P and L230P triple mutant: 238 µM

Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 2.4 nm
Dmax 11.0 nm
VolumePorod 10 nm3

SASDR73 – 5'-genomic RNA AU extension of SARS-CoV-2 in HEPES conditions

AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 experimental SAS data
AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 Kratky plot
Sample: AU extension in the 5'-genomic end of SARS-CoV-2 monomer, 7 kDa Severe acute respiratory … RNA
Buffer: 25 mM HEPES, 75 mM KCl, 2.5 mM NaNO3, pH: 7.2
Experiment: SAXS data collected at EMBL P12, PETRA III on 2022 Nov 29
The preference signature of the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid NTD for its 5'-genomic RNA elements. Nat Commun 14(1):3331 (2023)
Korn SM, Dhamotharan K, Jeffries CM, Schlundt A
RgGuinier 1.7 nm
Dmax 7.0 nm
VolumePorod 13 nm3

SASDT52 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, residues 176-245) L223P, L227P and L230P triple mutant: 476 µM

Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 2.7 nm
Dmax 11.0 nm
VolumePorod 12 nm3

SASDT62 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, residues 176-245) L223P, L227P and L230P triple mutant: 952 µM

Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 2.7 nm
Dmax 12.0 nm
VolumePorod 13 nm3

SASDVT6 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein InterDomain Linker (IDL, amino acids 176-245) L223P, L227P and L230P triple mutant: 1667 µM

Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein (L223P, L227P, L230P) monomer, 8 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at BM29, ESRF on 2023 Jan 29
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 2.8 nm
Dmax 12.0 nm
VolumePorod 14 nm3

SASDST9 – SARS-CoV-2 N-protein (N1-245; residues 1-245): 294.7 µM

Nucleoprotein experimental SAS data
Nucleoprotein Kratky plot
Sample: Nucleoprotein tetramer, 110 kDa Severe acute respiratory … protein
Buffer: 100 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH: 8
Experiment: SAXS data collected at B21, Diamond Light Source on 2022 May 13
Dynamic ensembles of SARS-CoV-2 N-protein reveal head-to-head coiled-coil-driven oligomerization and phase separation. Nucleic Acids Res 53(11) (2025)
Hernandez G, Martins ML, Fernandes NP, Veloso T, Lopes J, Gomes T, Cordeiro TN
RgGuinier 5.2 nm
Dmax 22.0 nm
VolumePorod 117 nm3